{"id":34586,"date":"2023-07-25T08:09:46","date_gmt":"2023-07-25T13:09:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/colombiainteligente.org\/?p=34586"},"modified":"2023-07-25T08:10:40","modified_gmt":"2023-07-25T13:10:40","slug":"residential-electricity-consumption-and-adaptation-to-climate-change-by-colombian-households","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/colombiainteligente.org\/es_co\/tendencias\/residential-electricity-consumption-and-adaptation-to-climate-change-by-colombian-households\/","title":{"rendered":"Residential Electricity Consumption and Adaptation to Climate Change by Colombian Households"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"34586\" class=\"elementor elementor-34586\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-87c6aa2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"87c6aa2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-558bb819\" data-id=\"558bb819\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3067325c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3067325c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.14.0 - 26-06-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<div class=\"OutlineElement Ltr BCX9 SCXO44705505\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; -webkit-user-drag: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; overflow: visible; cursor: text; clear: both; position: relative; direction: ltr; font-family: 'Segoe UI', 'Segoe UI Web', Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><p style=\"margin: 0in; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11.0pt;\">Las temperaturas globales en superficie entre 2011 y 2020 fueron 1,09 grados cent\u00edgrados m\u00e1s altas que en el periodo preindustrial. Este aumento ha provocado olas de calor m\u00e1s frecuentes y graves, incluso en el noroeste de Sudam\u00e9rica, donde ya se han observado aumentos significativos de las temperaturas extremadamente c\u00e1lidas. Para finales de siglo, existe un alto grado de confianza en que la mayor\u00eda de las regiones de Am\u00e9rica Central y del Sur sufrir\u00e1n condiciones de estr\u00e9s t\u00e9rmico extremo con mucha m\u00e1s frecuencia que en el pasado reciente. Las olas de calor tienen efectos perjudiciales sobre la salud humana y la productividad, las viviendas informales y las infraestructuras inadecuadas agravan la vulnerabilidad de la poblaci\u00f3n en los pa\u00edses de ingresos bajos y medios. Para el caso concreto de Colombia, se constata que un d\u00eda adicional con temperaturas superiores a 27 grados cent\u00edgrados aumenta las tasas de mortalidad en un 0,72%, siendo los ni\u00f1os de cero a nueve a\u00f1os los que corren mayor riesgo. Se prev\u00e9 que estos riesgos relacionados con las olas de calor aumenten en Colombia. De los 20 pa\u00edses estudiados por Guo (2018), Colombia tiene el mayor aumento esperado en el exceso de mortalidad relacionado con las olas de calor para 2031-2080. Adem\u00e1s de sus efectos sobre la salud, las altas temperaturas tienen otras consecuencias econ\u00f3micas. Por ejemplo, las temperaturas c\u00e1lidas reducen la productividad de los trabajadores en las f\u00e1bricas, mientras que el exceso de calor en las escuelas reduce el aprendizaje de los estudiantes y reduce el desempe\u00f1o de los estudiantes en las evaluaciones de alto riesgo. Dado el aumento previsto de las condiciones de calor extremo y de la mortalidad relacionada con el calor, incluso en escenarios de pol\u00edtica clim\u00e1tica ambiciosos, la adaptaci\u00f3n al clima cambiante es esencial. Una forma de adaptaci\u00f3n a olas de calor m\u00e1s frecuentes es la adopci\u00f3n de aire acondicionado para hacer frente a temperaturas extremadamente altas. La adopci\u00f3n de aire acondicionado residencial desempe\u00f1\u00f3 un papel vital en la aplanamiento del gradiente de temperatura-mortalidad en Estados Unidos. Curiosamente, las estimaciones recientes de este gradiente en Colombia se asemejan a las de Estados Unidos antes del uso generalizado del aire acondicionado residencial.<\/p><p style=\"margin: 0in; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11.0pt;\">\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"margin: 0in; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11.0pt;\">En este trabajo, utilizo datos de consumo el\u00e9ctrico y meteorol\u00f3gicos para inferir la adopci\u00f3n y el uso del aire acondicionado en Colombia. Espec\u00edficamente, combino una gran muestra de datos mensuales de facturaci\u00f3n de electricidad residencial con datos meteorol\u00f3gicos de cuadr\u00edcula horaria de 2010 a 2019. Estimo el efecto del \u00edndice de calor medio mensual en el consumo mensual de electricidad registrado, es decir, el aumento porcentual en el consumo de electricidad por un aumento de un grado Celsius en el \u00edndice de calor medio. Un mayor efecto del \u00edndice de calor en el consumo de electricidad indicar\u00eda un mayor uso del aire acondicionado durante el clima m\u00e1s c\u00e1lido. Adem\u00e1s, al seguir a los mismos hogares durante nueve a\u00f1os, puedo medir el efecto a corto plazo del \u00edndice de calor sobre el consumo el\u00e9ctrico y los cambios a largo plazo de este efecto. El informe analiza los patrones de consumo de electricidad en los hogares colombianos, considerando factores como el clima, el tama\u00f1o del hogar, la ubicaci\u00f3n geogr\u00e1fica y el nivel socioecon\u00f3mico. Tambi\u00e9n examina c\u00f3mo los hogares est\u00e1n respondiendo y adapt\u00e1ndose a los impactos del cambio clim\u00e1tico en sus h\u00e1bitos de consumo de electricidad. Adem\u00e1s, el informe identifica las barreras y desaf\u00edos que enfrentan los hogares colombianos para adoptar pr\u00e1cticas m\u00e1s sostenibles y eficientes en t\u00e9rminos de consumo de electricidad. Tambi\u00e9n resalta las estrategias y medidas que podr\u00edan implementarse para fomentar una mayor adaptaci\u00f3n y reducci\u00f3n del consumo de electricidad en el contexto del cambio clim\u00e1tico. El objetivo principal del informe es proporcionar informaci\u00f3n relevante para los formuladores de pol\u00edticas, las empresas de servicios p\u00fablicos y otros actores involucrados en la planificaci\u00f3n y gesti\u00f3n energ\u00e9tica en Colombia, con el fin de promover un consumo m\u00e1s sostenible y resiliente en los hogares frente a los desaf\u00edos del cambio clim\u00e1tico.<\/p><p style=\"margin: 0in; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11.0pt;\">\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"margin: 0in; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11.0pt;\">Los resultados de este trabajo proporcionan la primera evidencia de un cambio a largo plazo en la relaci\u00f3n a corto plazo entre el consumo residencial de electricidad y el clima en un pa\u00eds de renta media. Muestro pruebas, no solo de la brecha en la adopci\u00f3n y el uso del aire acondicionado entre los hogares de ingresos bajos y altos, sino de una reducci\u00f3n de esta diferencia a lo largo del tiempo. Una ventaja de mi metodolog\u00eda en comparaci\u00f3n con estudios anteriores que se basan \u00fanicamente en datos de encuestas de hogares es que las estimaciones de las regresiones del consumo el\u00e9ctrico revelan el uso del aire acondicionado, no s\u00f3lo la presencia de un aparato en el hogar. Este trabajo proporciona las primeras estimaciones emp\u00edricas de la relaci\u00f3n entre el clima, la adopci\u00f3n del aire acondicionado y el consumo de electricidad en un pa\u00eds sudamericano. A diferencia de los trabajos anteriores en la literatura, este trabajo utiliza un per\u00edodo de muestra extendido para cada hogar con el fin de medir los cambios en la relaci\u00f3n entre el consumo de electricidad y el clima. Como resultado, la metodolog\u00eda proporciona estimaciones de las respuestas de los m\u00e1rgenes intensivo y extensivo a temperaturas m\u00e1s c\u00e1lidas dentro de un \u00fanico modelo emp\u00edrico. El resto del documento se organiza como sigue. En la secci\u00f3n 2 se describen los tres principales conjuntos de datos utilizados para el an\u00e1lisis y se ofrecen estad\u00edsticas resumidas sobre la relaci\u00f3n entre la renta, el clima y el consumo de electricidad. La secci\u00f3n 3 presenta la metodolog\u00eda emp\u00edrica utilizada para el an\u00e1lisis. Se presentan dos conjuntos de resultados: La secci\u00f3n 4 presenta los principales resultados de la estimaci\u00f3n del consumo de electricidad, que se utilizan para motivar los resultados de la adopci\u00f3n de electrodom\u00e9sticos de la secci\u00f3n 5. La secci\u00f3n 6 concluye. La secci\u00f3n 6 concluye.<\/p><p lang=\"ES-ES\" xml:lang=\"ES-ES\">Para leer m\u00e1s ingrese a:<\/p><p style=\"margin: 0in; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11.0pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/publications.iadb.org\/en\/residential-electricity-consumption-and-adaptation-climate-change-colombian-households\">https:\/\/publications.iadb.org\/en\/residential-electricity-consumption-and-adaptation-climate-change-colombian-households<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin: 0in; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11.0pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/publications.iadb.org\/publications\/english\/document\/Residential-Electricity-Consumption-and-Adaptation-to-Climate-Change-by-Colombian-Households.pdf\">https:\/\/publications.iadb.org\/publications\/english\/document\/Residential-Electricity-Consumption-and-Adaptation-to-Climate-Change-by-Colombian-Households.pdf <\/a><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div style=\"text-align:center\" class=\"yasr-auto-insert-visitor\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El siguiente informe analiza los patrones de consumo de electricidad en los hogares colombianos, considerando factores como el clima, el tama\u00f1o del hogar, la ubicaci\u00f3n geogr\u00e1fica y el nivel socioecon\u00f3mico. Tambi\u00e9n examina c\u00f3mo los hogares est\u00e1n respondiendo y adapt\u00e1ndose a los impactos del cambio clim\u00e1tico en sus h\u00e1bitos de consumo de electricidad. Adem\u00e1s, el informe identifica las barreras y desaf\u00edos que enfrentan los hogares colombianos para adoptar pr\u00e1cticas m\u00e1s sostenibles y eficientes en t\u00e9rminos de consumo de electricidad.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":34587,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"yasr_overall_rating":0,"yasr_post_is_review":"","yasr_auto_insert_disabled":"","yasr_review_type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[54,53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34586","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energia-que-transforma","category-tendencias"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Residential Electricity Consumption and Adaptation to Climate Change by Colombian Households - Colombia Inteligente<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/colombiainteligente.org\/es_co\/tendencias\/residential-electricity-consumption-and-adaptation-to-climate-change-by-colombian-households\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Residential Electricity Consumption and Adaptation to Climate Change by Colombian Households - Colombia Inteligente\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"El siguiente informe analiza los patrones de consumo de electricidad en los hogares colombianos, considerando factores como el clima, el tama\u00f1o del hogar, la ubicaci\u00f3n geogr\u00e1fica y el nivel socioecon\u00f3mico. Tambi\u00e9n examina c\u00f3mo los hogares est\u00e1n respondiendo y adapt\u00e1ndose a los impactos del cambio clim\u00e1tico en sus h\u00e1bitos de consumo de electricidad. Adem\u00e1s, el informe identifica las barreras y desaf\u00edos que enfrentan los hogares colombianos para adoptar pr\u00e1cticas m\u00e1s sostenibles y eficientes en t\u00e9rminos de consumo de electricidad.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/colombiainteligente.org\/es_co\/tendencias\/residential-electricity-consumption-and-adaptation-to-climate-change-by-colombian-households\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Colombia Inteligente\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-25T13:09:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-07-25T13:10:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/colombiainteligente.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Residential-Electricity-Consumption-and-Adaptation-to-Climate-Change-by-Colombian-Households.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"414\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"534\" \/>\n\t<meta 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