Since the Industrial Revolution, economic activity around the globe has operated basically this way: Natural resources are extracted from the earth and then processed into goods that people purchase, use, and eventually throw away. It’s a model that has vastly improved the living conditions of billions of people across generations.
Instead of disposing of products in a landfill, circular economies embrace a full life-cycle approach that starts with how products are designed and the resources used to make them. This approach can include extracting usable materials from existing products or materials that would otherwise be wasted and feeding them back into manufacturing processes that ultimately result in entirely new products. Circular economies also generate significant economic opportunities and have the potential to promote environmental justice, social justice, and economic mobility, especially in communities that have suffered most from the linear model of economic activity.
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