Este informe estudia el papel que podrían desempeñar los países en los futuros mercados industriales del hidrógeno verde, centrándose en tres aplicaciones clave: amoníaco, metanol y producción de acero. Para dilucidar el impacto de la transición a una economía con bajas emisiones de carbono en las cadenas de valor energético, Eicke y De Blasio proponen un marco analítico para agrupar a los países en cinco grupos basados en las variables de dotación de recursos, producción industrial existente y relación económica.

The global transition to a low-carbon economy will significantly impact existing energy value chains and transform the production to consumption lifecycle, dramatically altering interactions among stakeholders. Thanks to its versatility, green hydrogen is gaining economic and political momentum and could play a critical role in a carbon-free future. Furthermore, its adoption will be critical for decarbonizing industrial processes at scale, especially hard-to-abate ones such as steel and cement production. Overall, hydrogen demand is expected to grow by 700% by 2050 (BP, 2019). Currently, the two central challenges to green hydrogen adoption and use at scale are limited infrastructure availability and cost. While recent spikes in fossil fuel prices due to the war in Ukraine have made green hydrogen cost-competitive with blue and grey hydrogen (Radowitz, 2022), from a long-term perspective, the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) predicts a decline in green hydrogen costs by up to 85% by 2050 (IRENA, 2020), making it the dominant hydrogen form (IRENA, 2022).

Para leer más ingrese a:

https://www.belfercenter.org/research/publication-type/reports-papers

https://www.belfercenter.org/sites/default/files/files/publication/Paper_MappingHydrogen_Final.pdf