Indian cities are experiencing heightened stress from extreme summer heat and increased flooding during monsoons. Rapid and often unplanned urban expansion has transformed natural landscapes into dense built-up areas, intensifying the urban heat island effect, water scarcity, and flood risks. Addressing these converging climate and development pressures requires a systems-level, locally grounded approach.

Nature-based solutions (NbS) — including integrated blue-green-gray infrastructure (BGGI) — offer a strategic alternative to conventional gray urban development. While their benefits are increasingly acknowledged, the pathways for mainstreaming NbS in Indian cities remain unclear, fragmented, and uncoordinated.

To address this, WELL Labs and RMI convened a multi-stakeholder workshop that brought together practitioners, policymakers, researchers, and private-sector actors working across water, biodiversity, planning, design, and governance domains. The goal was to identify barriers to NbS adoption and co-develop actionable, context-sensitive solutions across the building, neighborhood, and city scales.

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Unlocking Nature-Based Solutions