Renewable energy capacity must triple and the rate of annual energy efficiency increases must double by 2030. This translates into a cumulative investment of USD 31.5 trillion to renewable power, electrical networks, flexibility measures, energy efficiency, and conservation, by 2030.
The role of emerging economies will be key in achieving the levels of investments in energy transition infrastructure. While most emerging economies have committed to achieving net zero greenhouse gas emissions, the funds to turn those commitments into reality are greatly insufficient at present.
The world faces a number of pressing crises; 2024 was the hottest year on record worldwide, breaching 1.5°C of pre-industrial levels for the first time, and the consequences of climate change have been writ large in every region in the form of floods, droughts, wildfires and other hazards. We truly now face a climate emergency. Under the UAE Consensus adopted at COP28, global ambitions for renewable energy and efficiency have become clearer. The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) is tasked to track progress to ensure that targets remain actionable and transparent.
At COP29, parties reached an agreement to triple climate finance for developing countries to USD 300 billion annually – an important step despite still falling short of the USD 3.8 trillion per year required for the energy transition.
In parallel, significant progress on carbon markets was achieved under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement, clarifying how countries can authorise trades of carbon credits and establishing standards under the centralised carbon crediting mechanism. This could unlock new financial flows for emerging economies, especially when combined with capacity-building support for least developed nations.
During the ‘High-level Panel on Energy Transition Pathways in Emerging Economies’, at IRENA’s 15th Assembly, high-level representatives discussed pathways to accelerate and scale up renewables deployment, and harness public finance to derisk private capital in emerging economies. Countries shared their progress towards net-zero targets, the critical role of global forums such as the G20, and the importance of South-South cooperation
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